WEST-E Special Education Practice Test

What condition is characterized by progressive muscle weakening and is often included in orthopedic and musculoskeletal disorders?

1. Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis

2. Muscular Dystrophy

3. Spina Bifida

4. Autism Spectrum Disorder

The correct answer is: Muscular Dystrophy

Muscular dystrophy is indeed characterized by progressive muscle weakening, making it a prominent condition within orthopedic and musculoskeletal disorders. This group of genetic diseases primarily affects muscle function, leading to the degeneration of muscle fibers, which results in increased weakness and disability as the condition progresses. The progressive nature of muscular dystrophy distinguishes it from other conditions, as it involves a gradual loss of muscle strength and mass due to the lack of dystrophin, a protein crucial for maintaining muscle integrity. This can lead to difficulties in movement, coordination, and ultimately necessitates various levels of assistance or intervention over time. In contrast, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis primarily affects joint inflammation and pain, while spina bifida pertains to a defect in the spinal column that impacts mobility, but does not inherently involve progressive muscle weakening like muscular dystrophy. Autism spectrum disorder relates to neurological and developmental differences rather than muscular issues, further distinguishing it from muscular dystrophy. Therefore, muscular dystrophy stands out clearly in this context as the condition specifically associated with muscle degeneration and weakening.